自商务部于8月4日宣布终止对原产于澳大利亚的进口大麦征收反倾销税和反补贴税（以下统称“澳麦‘双反’措施”）后，国内啤酒行业的供应链情况再次受到关注。

　　大麦是啤酒生产过程中的核心原材料。我国是全球最大的啤酒生产国和消费国，但国产啤酒酿造所需的大麦90%依赖进口。对高度依赖进口麦芽的啤酒企业而言，澳麦“双反”措施的取消将带来何种影响？未来行业应如何解决供应链问题，种植国产大麦是否是必行之道？

　　对此，中国美酒地理创始人、于瑞定位机构董事长于瑞在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示，澳麦“双反”措施的取消，有助于保障国内啤酒企业的产品质量和价格链条的稳定性。

　　值得注意的是，在2019年之前，澳大利亚是中国进口大麦第一大来源国，70%以上的进口大麦来自澳大利亚。2020年5月19日起，我国决定对原产于澳大利亚的进口大麦征收反倾销税和反补贴税，原定征收期限为五年。从2022年的情况来看，据中国海关统计数据，中国进口大麦主要来源国为阿根廷、加拿大和法国，进口量占中国总进口量的88.6%。

　　另外，随着啤酒消费市场不断升级，国产啤酒中的中高端产品占比不断提高。啤酒产品风味呈多样化发展趋势，主流啤酒产品的原麦麦汁浓度上升，对啤酒大麦及谷物原料的使用比例也不断提高，中国啤酒产业对多样化大麦的需求量呈增长态势。

　　于瑞表示，对于啤酒行业而言，进口大麦是满足下游需求的主要供给。而受极端天气的影响，欧洲、南美洲等地的大麦供应并不稳定，澳大利亚是国际优质大麦中最具竞争力的供应地。

　　多位接受《证券日报》记者采访的业内专家表示，取消澳麦“双反”措施，将有利于我国啤酒产业产品结构调整和多元化发展。

　　中国酒业协会表示，取消“双反”措施可以有效缓解麦芽制造企业和啤酒企业的生产供应和成本压力，同时助力国产啤酒行业产业升级、结构调整和多元化发展，推动国内啤酒行业形成健康稳定的竞争格局，提振国内啤酒市场的消费信心。

　　农文旅产业振兴研究院常务副院长袁帅对《证券日报》记者表示，原产澳麦重新进入市场，国产啤酒企业需要重新评估现有的采购渠道，更需要加强研发和市场营销能力以确保竞争优势。

　　燕京啤酒方面对《证券日报》记者表示，澳麦“双反”措施的取消增加了我国啤酒企业主要原料品种的选择余地。公司将根据产品技术标准规范，制定原料采购策略，加大对澳麦的采购订单量，具体采购比例将根据需求量和供应行情而定。

　　在华润啤酒相关负责人看来，澳大利亚恢复大麦供应，有利于行业降低麦芽采购成本，后期将按照需要增加澳大利亚麦芽的采购数量。

　　不过，国家大麦青稞产业技术体系首席科学家郭刚刚对《证券日报》记者表示：“取消澳麦‘双反’措施，有可能使国麦的成本优势难以显现。为了增强供应链的韧性，降低对进口大麦的完全依赖，一起做好国麦基本盘是行业高质量发展的必经之路。”

Since the Ministry of Commerce announced on August 4th the termination of anti-dumping and countervailing duties on imported barley originating in Australia (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Australia Wheat 'Double Anti Measures"), the supply chain situation of the domestic beer industry has once again received attention.

Barley is the core raw material in the beer production process. China is the world's largest producer and consumer of beer, but 90% of the barley required for domestic beer brewing relies on imports. For beer companies that heavily rely on imported malt, what will be the impact of the cancellation of the Australian wheat "double anti" measures? How should the industry solve supply chain problems in the future, and is planting domestically produced barley a must do?

In response, Yu Rui, the founder of China Wine Geography and the chairman of Yu Rui's positioning agency, stated in an interview with Securities Daily that the cancellation of the "dual countermeasures" measures taken by Australia and Australia will help ensure the product quality and price chain stability of domestic beer enterprises.

It is worth noting that before 2019, Australia was the largest source country of imported barley from China, with over 70% of imported barley coming from Australia. Starting from May 19, 2020, China has decided to impose anti-dumping and countervailing duties on imported barley originating in Australia, with a originally scheduled period of five years. From the situation in 2022, according to Chinese customs statistics, the main sources of barley imports from China are Argentina, Canada, and France, accounting for 88.6% of China's total imports.

In addition, with the continuous upgrading of the beer consumption market, the proportion of mid to high-end products in domestic beer continues to increase. The flavor of beer products is showing a diversified development trend, and the concentration of raw wheat wort in mainstream beer products is increasing. The proportion of beer barley and grain raw materials used is also constantly increasing, and the demand for diversified barley in China's beer industry is increasing.

Yu Rui stated that for the beer industry, imported barley is the main supply to meet downstream demand. Due to the impact of extreme weather, the supply of barley in Europe, South America, and other regions is not stable, and Australia is the most competitive supplier of high-quality international barley.

Several industry experts interviewed by Securities Daily stated that canceling the "dual anti measures" against Australia and wheat will be beneficial for the adjustment and diversified development of China's beer industry product structure.

The China Beer Industry Association stated that canceling the "dual anti" measures can effectively alleviate the production, supply, and cost pressures of malt manufacturing enterprises and beer enterprises, while assisting in the upgrading, structural adjustment, and diversified development of the domestic beer industry, promoting the formation of a healthy and stable competitive pattern in the domestic beer industry, and boosting consumer confidence in the domestic beer market.

Yuan Shuai, Executive Vice President of the Agricultural, Cultural, and Tourism Industry Revitalization Research Institute, told Securities Daily that domestic beer companies need to reassess their existing procurement channels and strengthen their research and development and marketing capabilities to ensure a competitive advantage as the original Australian wheat has re-entered the market.

Yanjing Beer told Securities Daily that the cancellation of the "dual countermeasures" measures against Australia and wheat has increased the choice of main raw material varieties for Chinese beer enterprises. The company will develop a raw material procurement strategy based on product technical standards and specifications, increase the number of purchase orders for Australian wheat, and the specific procurement proportion will be determined based on demand and supply situation.

In the view of the relevant person in charge of China Resources Beer, the resumption of barley supply in Australia is beneficial for the industry to reduce malt procurement costs. In the future, the quantity of Australian malt procurement will be increased as needed.

However, Guo Gang, Chief Scientist of the National Barley and Barley Industry Technology System, told Securities Daily: "Canceling the 'dual countermeasures' measures against Australian barley may make it difficult for China Wheat to show its cost advantage. In order to enhance the resilience of the supply chain and reduce complete dependence on imported barley, working together to improve the basic market of China Wheat is a necessary path for the high-quality development of the industry